Mr Mani Ghanbari, Dr Gholamhassan Najafi, Dr Barat Ghobadian,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (12-2020)
Abstract
In this paper, the exhaust emissions of a diesel engine operating with different nanoparticles additives in diesel-biodiesel blended fuels were investigated. Firstly multi wall carbon nano tubes (CNT) with concentrations of 40, 80 and 120 ppm and nano silver particles of 40, 80 and 120 ppm with nano-structure were produced and then added as additives to the diesel-biodiesel blended fuels. A four-stroke six cylinders diesel engine was fuelled with the new fuels and operated at different engine speeds. The experimental results showed that CO2 emission increased by 17% with an increase in nanoparticles concentrations at diesel-biodiesel blended fuel. Also, CO emission with nanoparticles added to biodiesel-diesel fuel was 25.17% lower than neat diesel fuel. The results showed a decrease up to 28.56% in UHC emission using the silver nano-diesel-biodiesel blended fuel. NOx emission increased with adding nanoparticles to the blended fuels compared to the neat diesel fuel. The experimental results demonstrated that silver & CNT nanoparticles can effectively be used as additive in diesel-biodiesel blended fuel in order to enhance complete combustion of the air-fuel mixture and reduce the exhaust emissions. Consequently the nano biodiesel can be considered as an alternative and environment friendly fuel for CI engine.
Dr Ali Keshavarzi, Dr Hamed Saeidi Googarchin,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (6-2026)
Abstract
Adhesively bonded joints, particularly those featuring Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) adherends, have become indispensable in aerospace and automotive industries due to their superior strength-to-weight ratios. However, the long-term structural integrity of these joints is severely challenged by hygrothermal environments (the synergistic effect of moisture and temperature) which induces degradation in both the polymer matrix and the adhesive interface. This review provides a systematic discourse on the fundamental principles of composites, nanotechnology, and the mechanisms of environmental aging. It critically analyzes various joint configurations and failure modes, such as cohesive and adhesive failures, under adverse conditions. A significant portion of this study is dedicated to the efficacy of incorporating zero-, one-, and two-dimensional nanoparticles to enhance the environmental resilience of epoxy adhesives. Furthermore, this review evaluates the recent advancements in Cohesive Zone Modeling (CZM) for predicting the residual strength and fracture energy of aged joints through environment-dependent traction-separation laws. This work identifies critical gaps in accelerated aging methodologies and highlights the necessity for high-fidelity predictive models to ensure the safety of hybrid structures in high-stakes engineering applications.
